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1.
Rev. chil. obstet. ginecol ; 77(2): 93-97, 2012. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-627407

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Evaluar la sobrevida global y libre de enfermedad en pacientes con tratamiento concomitante de radioquimioterapia más histerectomía extrafascial en cáncer de cuello uterino IB2. Método: 31 pacientes con cáncer cérvico-uterino en etapa IB2 fueron tratadas con radioquimioterapia concomitante más histerectomía extrafascial programada en 4 a 6 semanas. Se efectuó radioterapia pelviana externa e implante de braquiterapia útero-vaginal con dosis preoperatoria entre 70-75 Gy a punto A y quimioterapia con cisplatino. Resultados: La edad promedio de las pacientes fue de 41 +/- 8 años. El 81 por ciento de los casos fue carcinoma escamocelular. La histerectomía extrafascial se realizó 4 a 6 semanas post-radiación en el 85 por ciento de los casos. El 79 por ciento y el 13 por ciento de las pacientes recibieron 5 y 4 ciclos de quimioterapia respectivamente. La mediana de seguimiento fue de 38 meses. La sobrevida global y libre de enfermedad estimada a 5 años fue de 86 por ciento y 79 por ciento respectivamente. Hubo diferencia significativa en la sobrevida global en los subgrupos sin o con enfermedad residual macroscópica en la pieza operatoria (p<0,001). Conclusión: Esta serie muestra resultados de sobrevida similares a las reportadas en otros trabajos con el mismo tratamiento. La enfermedad residual en la pieza operatoria podría constituir un factor de valor pronóstico.


Aim: To evaluate overall and disease free survival in cervical cáncer IB2 patients with concomitant chemo-radiotherapy and posterior extrafascial hysterectomy treatment. Methods: Between July 2005 to December 2009, a total of 31 eligible patients with IB2 cervical cancer were treated with chemoradiotherapy and posterior hysterectomy in the Carlos Van Buren Hospital Oncology Unit. Radiotherapy consisted in external pelvic radiation and a utero-vaginal brachitherapy with low rate doses to get preoperatory doses between 70 and 75 Gy to the A point and a concomitant Cisplatin based chemotherapy. After this treatment, the patients received extrafascial hysterectomy 4 to 6 weeks completed chemoradiotherapy. Results: The mean age was 41 +/- 8 years. 81 percent of the patients had an spinocelular carcinoma. The extrafascial hysterectomy was made between 4 to 6 weeks post-radiation in 85 percent of the patients. 79 percent and 13 percent of the patients received 5 and 4 chemotherapy cycles respectively. The median follow up was 38 months. The 5 years overall survival and disease free survival estimates were 86 percent and 79 percent respectively. There was a significant difference between subgroups of patients with and without macroscopic residual disease in the operatory specimen (p<0.001). Conclusion: Our survival is similar to published results with the same treatment. The presence of macroscopic residual disease in the hysterectomy specimen could be a factor of prognostic value.


Subject(s)
Middle Aged , Hysterectomy/methods , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/surgery , Combined Modality Therapy , Disease-Free Survival , Follow-Up Studies , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/drug therapy , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/radiotherapy
3.
Rev. chil. obstet. ginecol ; 77(3): 190-194, 2012. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-646992

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Evaluar la experiencia con videotoracoscopía en pacientes con sospecha de cáncer de ovario avanzado con probable compromiso del tórax. Método: Se analiza las pacientes con sospecha clínica e imagenológica de cáncer de ovario avanzado que presentan derrames pleurales moderado y severo, así como procesos tumorales torácicos para evaluar la posibilidad de citorreducción óptima o completa. Todos los casos sometidos a este procedimiento entre enero de 2009 a Agosto de 2011, son analizados con énfasis en el diagnóstico y en los hallazgos a la videotoracoscopía, así como sus resultados. Resultados: 11 pacientes con clínica y tomografía axial computarizada de tórax sospechoso de compromiso pleural o pulmonar, son sometidas al procedimiento previo al intento de citorreducción abdominopélvica. La edad promedio fue de 62 años y Ca 125 promedio de 1030 U/ml. En 6 pacientes se encontró enfermedad macroscópica pleural, la biopsia fue positiva para adenocarcinoma en 5. Dos de ellas se consideraron no citorreducible en abdomen y se indicó neoadyuvancia. La tercera se citorredujo en forma óptima. En 2 pacientes se indicó neoadyudancia por tener residuo tumoral torácico mayor a 1 cm, consideradas citorreducibles en abdomen. De las 6 pacientes sin enfermedad torácica, 4 se citorredujeron óptimamente, una falleció previo a la cirugía abdominal y otra resultó un tumor ovárico benigno. Conclusión: La videotoracoscopía es útil para evaluar enfermedad torácica y tomar decisiones en relación a la citorreducción abdominal o neoadyuvancia en cáncer avanzado de ovario.


Objective: To describe the experience with video-assisted thoracic evaluation in patients with suspected advanced ovarian cancer with a probable thoracic involvement. Method: Patients with clinical and imaging suspicion of advanced ovarian cancer who have pleural effusions, and thoracic tumor processes are examined to evaluate the possibility of optimal debulking. All cases that underwent this procedure between January 2009 to August 2011, were studied with emphasis on diagnosis, results and findings at videotho-racoscopy. Results: 11 patients with a suspected thoracic commitment, with clinical and computerized axial tomography scan, undergo the procedure previous to an abdominopelvic cytoreductive surgery attempt. The average age was 62 years and CA 125 of 1030 U/ml average. Macroscopic pleural disease was found in 6 patients, but in 5 of them the biopsy gave positive for adenocarcinoma. Two of them were not considered for a cytoreductive surgery in the abdomen and neoadjuvant therapy was indicated. The third patient of the 5 previously mentioned, underwent an optimal cytoreduction. In 2 patients, neoadjuvant therapy was indicated for having residual tumor in the thorax greater than 1 cm, although they were considered for a cytoreductive surgery in the abdomen. Of the 6 patients without chest involvement, 4 underwent an optimal cytoreductive surgery, and one died before the abdominal surgery and the other had a benign ovarian tumor. Conclusion: Videothoracoscopy is useful for diagnosing thoracic metastasis and making decisions regarding cytoreduction and neoadjuvant therapy in advanced ovarian cancer.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Thoracic Surgery, Video-Assisted/methods , Pleural Effusion, Malignant/pathology , Ovarian Neoplasms/diagnosis , Ovarian Neoplasms/pathology , Thoracic Neoplasms/secondary , Biopsy , Pleural Effusion, Malignant/diagnosis , Neoplasm Staging , Ovarian Neoplasms/surgery , Lung Neoplasms/secondary , Disease Progression , Thoracoscopy/methods
4.
Rev. chil. obstet. ginecol ; 76(5): 334-337, 2011. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-608803

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Comunicar una técnica mínimamente invasiva para el manejo quirúrgico del cáncer cérvicouterino en estadio precoz y sus resultados. Método: 40 pacientes con cáncer cérvicouterino en estadios IA2 y IB1 operadas en un período de 2,5 años. Se les efectúa linfadenectomía pelviana sistemática laparoscópica seguidas de histerectomía vaginal radical, excepto aquellas pacientes que tienen compromiso ganglionar detectado en biopsia contemporánea. Resultados: 40 pacientes son sometidas a esta técnica. Cuatro pacientes son abortadas de su cirugía, 3 por presentar ganglios positivos para carcinoma en biopsia contemporánea y 1 por tener un extenso compromiso cervical al momento de efectuar la histerectomía vaginal radical. Los 36 casos restantes tienen una edad promedio de 43,9 años, ninguna nulípara y 8 tienen el antecedente de cesárea. El IMC promedio fue de 30,49 y 14 conizadas previas. El tiempo operatorio promedio fue de 238 minutos. La estadía postoperatoria promedio fue de 2,9 días. El sangrado estimado fue de 139 cc y ninguna paciente requirió transfusión. Se conservan los anexos en 13 pacientes y en todas se suspenden por vía laparoscópica. El promedio de ganglios obtenidos fue de 30. Cuatro pacientes sufren lesión vesical, 1 fístula vesicovaginal y 3 disfunciones vesicales. Conclusión: El cáncer cérvicouterino en estadio precoz es factible de ser tratado con esta técnica y brinda las ventajas de la cirugía laparoscópica y vaginal con mínimas complicaciones.


Objective: To communicate a minimally invasive technique for surgical handling of early stage cervical cancer and its results. Methods: 40 patients with cervical cancer in stages IA2 and IB1, all of them operated in a period of 2.5 years, are presented. Laparoscopic systemic pelvic lymphadenectomy with posterior radical vaginal hysterectomy was performed, with the exception of those patients who had compromised nodes detected in contemporary biopsy. Results: 40 patients were submitted to this technique. 4 patients had their surgery aborted: 3 presented positive nodes for carcinoma in contemporary biopsy and 1 had extensive cervical compromise when performing radical vaginal hysterectomy. Analysis of the remaining 36 cases shows an average age of 43.9 years, all of them had given birth before, 8 of them through Cs-section. BMI averaged 30.49 and 14 had had cone surgery performed previously. Average duration of surgery was of 238 minutes. Postoperative hospitalization averaged 2.9 days. Bleeding volume was estimated at 139 cc and no patient required blood transfusion. 13 uterine annexes were kept and all of them were suspended by means of laparoscopy. On average, 30 nodes were obtained. 4 patients suffered bladder injury, one had vesicovaginal fistula and there were 3 bladder dysfunctions. Conclusion: The early stage cervical cancer is likely to be treated with this technique and provides de benefits of laparoscopic and vaginal surgery with minimal complications.


Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Female , Middle Aged , Hysterectomy, Vaginal/methods , Laparoscopy/methods , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/surgery , Adenocarcinoma/surgery , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/surgery , Lymph Node Excision , Lymphatic Metastasis , Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures , Neoplasm Staging , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/pathology , Postoperative Complications , Prospective Studies
5.
Rev. chil. obstet. ginecol ; 73(1): 21-26, 2008. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-513819

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Describir los resultados de la laparoscopia abierta para certificar el diagnóstico y evaluar la resecabilidad tumoral de pacientes con cáncer de ovario avanzado (COA). Método: Se analizaron todas las fichas de pacientes con sospecha diagnóstica de COA entre octubre de 2005 y febrero de 2007 inicialmente manejadas con laparotomía abierta. Resultados: En 14 pacientes se certifico el diagnóstico de COA, de ellas se estimó posible la resecabilidad completa en 10 casos, lo cual se logró efectivamente en 9. En 4 casos la evaluación laparoscópica indicó irresecabilidad, derivándose las pacientes a quimioterapia neoadyuvante para una posterior cirugía de intervalo. Conclusión: Creemos que la laparoscopia en pacientes con sospecha de COA, podría cumplir un rol importante en la evaluación de la resecabilidad así como en la confirmación diagnóstica, evitando extensas laparotomías en pacientes inoperables en primera instancia y donde el inicio de una quimioterapia precoz podría mejorar significativamente su sobrevida.


Objective: To describe the results of open laparoscopy to confirm the diagnosis and to evaluate resectability in patients with advanced ovarian cancer (AOC). Methods: Analysis of medical records of all the patients with suspected AOC between October 2005 and February 2007, initially managed with open laparoscopy. Results: In 14 patients we confirmed the diagnosis of AOC. We considered feasibility of optimal cytoreduction in 10 cases and it was possible in 9 of them. The others 4 cases were judged to be inoperable and were derived to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Conclusions: We believe than open laparoscopy in suspected AOC's patients could be and important tool in the evaluation of patients with ovarian cancer, to confirm the diagnosis and avoid unnecessary laparotomies in inoperable patients in which neoadjuvant chemotherapy and interval cytoreduction surgery may improve survival.


Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Female , Middle Aged , Laparoscopy/methods , Ovarian Neoplasms/surgery , Ovarian Neoplasms/pathology , Gynecologic Surgical Procedures/methods , Chemotherapy, Adjuvant , Combined Modality Therapy , Ovarian Neoplasms/drug therapy , Time Factors , Treatment Outcome
6.
Rev. chil. obstet. ginecol ; 73(2): 91-97, 2008. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-513830

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Correlacionar histológicamente las biopsias del legrado uterino con las biopsias de las piezas de histerectomía en pacientes con hiperplasia endometrial (HE). Método: Se diagnosticaron con biopsia de legrado uterino 90 pacientes con HE entre enero de 2001 y diciembre de 2005. De estas pacientes, 46 correspondieron a HE con atipia (grupo 1) y 44 a HE sin atipia (grupo 2). Todas las pacientes del grupo 1 se sometieron a histerectomía total más salpingooforectomía bilateral. A 28 pacientes del grupo 2 se les realizó la misma cirugía por patologías ginecológicas asociadas. Se compararon los resultados de las biopsias pre y postoperatorias de las 74 pacientes operadas, evaluándose la concordancia entre ellas. Resultados: En la biopsia de la pieza de histerectomía del grupo 1 se observan 31 casos con HE con atipia (67,4 por ciento), 13 casos (28,3 por ciento) sin atipias y 2 casos (4,3 por ciento) de cáncer endometrial. En el grupo 2 hubo 16 casos (57,1 por ciento) con HE sin atipia, 10 casos (35,7 por ciento) con endometrio normal y 2 (7,1 por ciento) casos de HE con atipia. La concordancia fue de un 63 por ciento (p=0,000) entre ambas biopsias y resultó significativamente más baja en el subgrupo de pacientes que presentaban atipias en la biopsia preoperatorio, respecto a las pacientes sin atipias (p=0,028). El likehood ratio de la biopsia preoperatorio de pacientes con HE con atipias fue de 33,2. Conclusión: El diagnóstico con biopsia preoperatoria por legrado, de las pacientes con HE, tuvo una precisión aceptable en comparación a la biopsia de la pieza operatoria, apoyando su utilidad en el manejo de estas pacientes.


Objective: To evaluate the hystopathologic correlation between curettage and hysterectomy specimens in patients with endometrial hyperplasia. Methods: 90 patients were diagnosed with endometrial hyperplasia in curettage specimens between January 2001 and December 2005. Of these patients 46 were found to have atypical hyperplasia (group 1) and 44 hyperplasia without atypias (group 2). All the patients in group 1 had a total hysterectomy plus bilateral anexectomy; 28 patients of group 2 had the same surgery because of associate gynecological pathology. Curettage and hysterectomy specimens of 74 patients were compared and evaluated the concordance between them. Results: Of hysterectomy specimens in group 1, 31 cases had atypical hyperplasia (67.4 percent), 13 cases (28.3 percent) hyperplasia without atypias and 2 cases (4.3 percent) with endometrial carcinoma. In group 2, 16 cases (57.1 percent) of hyperplasia without atypias, 10 cases (35.7 percent) with normal endometrium and 2 (7.1 percent) cases of atypical hyperplasia were found. The agreement of the hysto-pathological diagnosis of endometrial hyperplasia between both biopsies was 63 percent (p=0.000) and it was significantly lower in the subgroup of patients that had atypias on the curettage biopsy with respect to the patients with hyperplasia with no atypias (p=0.028). The likehood ratio of the biopsy by curettage of patients with atypias was of 33.2. Conclusion: The accuracy of the curettage biopsies as compared with hysterectomy specimens in patients with endometrial hyperplasia was acceptable, supporting its usefulness in the management of these patients.


Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Female , Middle Aged , Hysterectomy , Endometrial Hyperplasia/surgery , Endometrial Hyperplasia/pathology , Biopsy , Endometrium/pathology , Postoperative Period
7.
Rev. chil. obstet. ginecol ; 73(5): 299-302, 2008. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-520643

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Dar a conocer la técnica de linfadenectomía lumboaórtica sistemática (LLS) en el cáncer de endometrio y ovario, así como los resultados quirúrgicos obtenidos con ella en éste grupo de pacientes. Método:Se presenta una cohorte prospectiva de pacientes portadoras de cáncer de endometrio y ovario que requieren LLS entre agosto de 2005 y marzo de 2008. Se describe la técnica empleada y los resultados obtenidos. Resultados: 76 pacientes portadoras de cáncer de endometrio y ovario son sometidas a LLS. La edad promedio es de 57 años; 40 pacientes (52,6%) presentan cáncer de endometrio y 35 (46%) cáncer de ovario. El tiempo operatorio promedio fue de 55 minutos y el sangrado estimado de 120 ml. Se obtiene un recuento ganglionar promedio de 25,4 ganglios. Fallecen 2 pacientes y otra debe ser intervenida en el postoperatorio por hemoperitoneo. Conclusión: La técnica descrita es fácilmente realizable, con mínimas complicaciones y con una adecuada exposición del retroperitoneo, lo que permite obtener un número de ganglios necesarios para la etapificación del cáncer de endometrio y ovario.


Objective: To reports and describes the results of the paraaortic lymphadenectomy technique in the management of endometrial and ovarian cancer. Methods: We report a prospective cohort of patients with diagnosis of endometrial and ovarian cancer that required a systematic paraaortic lymphadenectomy, between August 2005 and March 2008, describing the surgical technique and the main results. Results: During this period seventy-six patients carrying endometrial or ovarian cancer are submitted to a systematic paraaortic lymphadenectomy. The average age was 57 years; 40 patients (52.6%) diagnosed with an endometrial cancer and 35 (46%) with an ovarian one. The average surgical time was 55 minutes, with an estimated bleeding of 120 ml. We obtained an average of 25.4 lymph nodes. Two patients deceased in this cohort and one was reintervened for a hemoperitoneum. Conclusion: The described surgical technique is feasible, with minimal complications and allows an appropriate exposure of the retroperitoneum to obtain an adequate number of lymph nodes for endometrial and ovarian cancer staging.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Lymph Node Excision , Endometrial Neoplasms/surgery , Ovarian Neoplasms/surgery , Lymph Nodes/surgery , Lymphatic Metastasis , Endometrial Neoplasms/pathology , Ovarian Neoplasms/pathology , Postoperative Complications , Prospective Studies , Time Factors , Treatment Outcome
8.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 131(2): 145-154, 2003. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-342235

ABSTRACT

Group A Streptococcal (GAS) infections have increased in frequency and severity worldwide. During April 1996, a nosocomial outbreak associated to GAS infections affected seven patients admitted to a pediatric burn unit. The causative organism was likely disseminated from the source patient to another child in the emergency room before he was transferred to the burn unit. Patients developed burn infections or invasive disease. One of them died due to a toxic shock syndrome and 3 other lost their skin grafts. Perineal and nasal microbiological surveillance of 42 related health care workers identified only one of them as carrier of S pyogenes. Aim: To report a molecular analysis of an apparently clonal outbreak. Material and methods: The available isolates were analyzed by molecular methods including random amplified polymorphic DNA analysis (RAPD) with 4 different primers, Sma-I pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) analysis, and speA, speB and speC detection by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results: Two phylogenetically distant and sequentially isolated bacterial groups were identified either by RAPD analysis with selected primers or by Smal-PFGE analysis. The first group involved isolates identified in two patients that included the lethal case. The second bacterial group comprised 5 clinical isolates and the perineal and nasal isolates obtained from a health care worker. Only strains belonging to the first group harbored the speA gene and were associated with invasive disease. The second group could be split further in two subgroups according to their speB profile. Conclusions: RAPD analysis with selected primers can reproduce the PFGE-discriminating ability on the epidemiological analysis of GAS infections


Subject(s)
Humans , Streptococcus pyogenes , Burn Units , Burns , Streptococcal Infections/epidemiology , Molecular Sequence Data , Disease Outbreaks , Superantigens/isolation & purification , Molecular Probe Techniques
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